Stove



Patented Nov. 22 1938 TET yclerics.

allevato sro Hiram It. son, Leavenworth, Mans., assigner to Great Western Stove Company, venworth, Mans., a corporation ol a apuestan aua lo, rose, 'anni no.; sans 9 il l hill t s invention relates to stoves, particularly to those for burning fuel oils, vsuch as furnace oil or light colored distillate, and has for its principal object to provide a stove of this .character which. is capable of efcient operatill ' air is admitted, as later described.

tion throughout the entire range of burner ad- .lustmenh that is, from low iire to high hre, thereby providing any degree oi heat which it is desired to generate. p

@ther important objects of the invention are to provide a stove of this typev with a simple, inexpensive preheater whereby a part of the com--A hustion air is heated prior to its mixture with unheated air;` to provide i'or selectively proportioning the ratio ol the unheated air to the preheated combustion air; and to provide for miuture oi the unheated and heated combustion air prior to adnflission into the combustion chamber.

ln accomplishingthese and other objects ci the invention, as hereinafter pointed out, l have provided improved details of structure, the preierred form df which is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein:

lille. l is a vertical section through a stove embodying the features of the present invention;

lilg. 2 is -a horizontal section through the stove on the line -t--l of Fig. l.

Fig. t is a detail perspective view of the preheater ior a part of the combustion air supply.y

Referring more in detail to the drawing:

l designates a stove which includes a shell t preferably cylindrical in cross-section. and having its upper and lower endsv closed by plates il and il. The upper plate t is oi solid construction, however, the lower plate has a plurality of air inlet openings t arranged in circular series about the axis of the` shell and through. which The lower plate t has an outwardly anddownwardly daring shirt t to which legs 'l are attached for supporting the shell above the floor and to provide space whereby air may flow to the openings t. Mounted in the shell 2 at a point spaced above the plate t is a concavo-convex divisionv member t arranged with its concave side uppermost. Formed in the bottom ci the division member is a downset, annular seating ange d encirclingv an opening llt that aligns with a bowl il that is supported by lugs li' in an opening t' of the bottom plate t.

Suspended within the opening Il) and having its lower end seated on an annular shoulder it of the recess il is a combustion chamber including a cylinder it which further cooperates with the shell 2 to form ari annular air chamber it (GUE. 1126-93) between the division member t and bottom plate t. 'the wall of the combustion cylinder is provided with a plurality oi various sized openings itl designed to admit sumcient air ior supplying requirements of the blaze rising within the combustion chamber during operation of the stove.

Seated upon the harige t is a flame flattener lt preferably comprising a casting having an an nular dange il seated on the ange t and a depending ange lt sleeved within the upper end of the combustion cylinder. The dame attener extends across the top of the combustion cylinder and has a suitable opening it therein tor passing the dames to the upper part of the shell.

'.'Chreaded into the bowl il is a iuel supply pipe it having a control valve il therein .tt is operated by a regulatingstem lt extending laterally under the bottom plate t and having its outer end rotatably mounted in a bracket it depending l from the danse il. llthe pipe 2t extends in the opposite direction and is-supported in a bracket llt depending from the under side of tha plate il. The outer end of the pipe carries an elbow tt provided with a nipple lt that is connected with the outlet ot a sub e r .a or pan il in which an oil supply tank it is inverted. The oil tanh td is providedwith an automatic outlet valve it as in conventional oil stove practice, which allows barometic feed of the oil in promrtion to the amount nowing through the valve il into the combustion pylinder. The subtanlr is supported on an angle shaped bracket tt that is ued to the lower end tl ci an arcuate shield ltd. Illhe shield tt er? tends upwardly 'along the side oi the shell t and protects the supply tank from the effects of the heat generated in the stove. The shield is carried from the shell t by means of bracket arms tt and tt hired to the upper and lower ends ol a preheater tt.

The preheater it includes an arcuate shaped v casting having lateral iianges tt and dl that are ed to the side oi the shell i by means of bolts or other suitable fastening devices to form a vertical duct extending downwardly alongside oi the shell and in heating relation'v therewith. The v lower end of the preheater is closed by a horizontal plate tt to divert air that is drawn through I escaping to the flue.

are retarded by means of a baille and heat equalizer 42 that is fixed to the inner side of the shell 2 at a point below the flue outlet. The baille thus provides a tortuous path for the products of combustion before they can flow through the flue outlet, thereby retaining the heat units from The shell 2 is provided above and below the division member 8 with inspection and service openings 4I and 44 that are closed by doors 45 and 46 as in conventional practice.

In order to facilitate vaporiz'ation of the fuel admitted into the bowl Il, I provide a vaporizer 41 in the form of a baille having legs 48 for supporting the defiector portion thereof in spaced relation with the oil outlet. The legs are spaced apart to provide outlets for the fuel into the g combustion cylinder.

In order to control the amount of unheated air admitted through the inlet openings 5 and thereby regulate ratio of the heated combustion air to the unheated air, the plate 4 is provided with a shutter 49 comprising a ring 50 movably mounted about the periphery of the combustion cylinder and having openings 5I therein registrable with the openings 5. It is obvious that by moving the shutter in an arcuate direction about the combustion cylinder the eifective'port area of the openings 5 may be regulated to that best suited for supplying the required amount of combustion supporting air.

In using a stove constructed as described, the valve 2| is opened to allow ow of oil from the tank into the bowl Il The oil is then ignited in the combustion cylinder. A part-of the combustion air is admitted through the inlet openings I vwhile another part of the combustion air is admitted through the preheater by reason of draft through the stove to the flue outlet. The heated and unheated combustion air, after mixing in the annular chamber I4, passes through the open ings in the wall of the combustion cylinder -to support combustion f the fuel. After the stove is heated. the portion of the air supply admitted through the inlet openings 5 is regulated to an amount best suited for supporting combustion of the fuel being admitted to the stove.

When it is desired to maintain a high fire, the valve 2l is opened sufficiently wide to provide the proper flame. The side walls of the shell 2 become thoroughly heated and the air flowing through the preheater becomes heated sufhciently hot that when mixed with the unheated air the fuel is readily vapcrized and combusted. Should it be desirable to provide a large quantity of combustion supporting air, the shutter may be operated to open the inlets 5, thereby allowing greater draft through the inlet openings 5 and less through the preheater supplying the heated combustion air. If the supply of combustion supporting air is to be reduced the shutter is regulated so as to slightly close off the inlet openings 5.

From the foregoing, it is obvious that I have provided a stove capable of burning fuel oils throughout the full range of burner adjustment, for example from low fire to high fire according to the degreeof heat desired. It is also obvious that the stove is of relatively inexpensive and simple'constructio'n and may be readily adjusted to efficiently consume any of the lighter grade fuel oils.l

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A stov'e of the character described including a shell, an air chamber in the shell, means from heating effects of the shell by the guard, a

burner in the shell, and means connecting the supply tank with the burner.

2. A stove of the character described including a shell, an air chamber in the shell, means forming an air supply duct in heating relation with4 the shell and having connection with the air chamber, brackets carried by the air supply duct, a substantially arcuate guard supported by the brackets, a fuel supply tank carried by the guard and shielded from heating effects of the shell by the guard, a burner in the shell, and means con necting the supply tank with the burner.

3. A stove of the character described including a shell, a fire-pot supported in the shell, a perforated combustion chamber cooperating with the bottom of the re-pot and the shell to form an air chamber circumferentially of the combustion chamber, said shell having an air inlet opening located below the fire-pot and at an elevation near the top of the combustion chamber, a conduit supported in heat conductive relation with the shell for supplying heated combustion air tov the air chamber through said opening, means for supplying unheated combustion air circumferentially of the air chamber and below the inlet for the heated combustion air, means for supplying aI uid hydrocarbon fuel Yto the combustion chamber, and means for regulating the supply of unheated combustion air for controlling draft of air through the conduit supplying heated combustion air to proportion the ratio of said combustion air supplies in the air chamber for controlling the degree of heat generated incidental to combustion of the fuel.

4. A stove of the character described including a shell, a fire-pot in the shell. a cylindrical ccmbustion chamber cooperating with the fire-pot and the shell to form an annular air chamber and having openings connecting the air chamber with the combustion chamber, means closing the bottom of the air chamber and having a circular series of air inlet openings for admitting unheated combustion air to the air chamber, a damper controlling the effective port area of said openings, said shell having an air inlet opening located above the combustion chamber and below the fire-pot, a conduit supported -in heat conductive relation with the shell for supplying heated combustiony air to the air chamber through said opening, and means for supplying a fluid hydrocarbon fuel to the combustion chamber.

5. A stove of the character described including a shell, a fire-pot having its periphery fixed to the shell and provided with an opening in the bottom of the pot, means closing the bottom of the shell below the fire-pot and having a circular series of air inlet openings for admission of unheated combustion-air, a fuel bowl supported by said closure, a combustion chamber having its upper end supported in the opening of the nrepot and its lower end supported in registering `relation with the fuel bowl and provided with aisance cular series of air inlet openings for the admission of unheated combustion air, a fuel bowl supported by saidclosure, a combustion chamber having its uppe end supported in the opening of the nre-pot and its lower end supported in registering relation with the fuel bowl and provided with perforations through which combustion air is admitted to the combustion chamber, a damper for controlling the effective port area of said air inlet openings, means for admitting a fluid hydrocarbon fuel to the fuel bowl, means 'for supplying preheated combustion air at a point below the tire-pot for mixture with the unheated air, and a flame spreader supported in the flrepot ,over the combustion chamber for spreading the flame issuing from the combustion chamber into the :dre-pot.

7. A stove of the character described including a shell, a nre-pot having its periphery fixed to the shell and provided with-an` opening in the bottom of the pot, means closing .the bottom of the shell below-the fire-pot and having a circular series of air inlet openings for admission of unheated combustion air, a vfuel bowl supported by said closure, a vcombustion chamber; having its upper end supported inthe opening of the fire` admitted 'to theccombustion chamber, a. damper for controlling the effective port area of said air inlet` openings, means for admitting a huid hydrocarbon fuel to the fuel bowl, means for supplying preheated combustion air at a point below -the hre-pot for mixture withy the unheated air,

a flamel spreader supported in the fire-pot over 'the combustion chamber for spreading the flame issuing from the combustion chamber into the fire-pot, and a. vaporizer in the fuel bowl and having a deflector portion for directing vaporized fuel toward the inner periphery ofthe combustion chamber.

A stove of the character described including a shell, an air chamber in the shell, means forming an air supply duct to the air chamber and located in heating relation with the shell, a guard connected with said means forming the air supply duct, a fuel supply tank carried by the guard, and shielded from the heating effects of the shell by the guard and the movement of air through said supply duct, a burner in the shell, and means connecting the' supply tank with the burner.

9. A stove of the character described including a shell, an air chamber in the shell, an air supply duct connected with the side of the shell for conveying combustion air in heat conductive relation with the shell to the air chamber, and a fuel tank supported from the shell in spaced relation with said supply duct, whereby the tank is protected from the heating effects of the shell incidental to movement of air through said duct to the .air chamber.

Hmm n. musoN. 

